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History · Spectrum Books A Brief History of Modern India

Chapter 52 : Freedom Fighters in the Indian National Movement

Table of contents61 sections
  1. 1.Freedom Fighters in the Indian National Movement
  2. 2.Other Prominent Freedom Fighters
  3. 3.Key Terms
  4. 4.📌 Exam Tidbits
  5. 5.3. Women Freedom Fighters
  6. 6.Abadi Bano Begum (Bi Amma)
  7. 7.Accamma Cherian
  8. 8.Aruna Asaf Ali (born Aruna Ganguly)
  9. 9.A.V. Kuttimalu 'Amma'
  10. 10.Basanti Devi
  11. 11.Begum Hazrat Mahal
  12. 12.Bhikaji Cama
  13. 13.Bhimabai Holkar
  14. 14.Bhogeshwari Phukanani
  15. 15.Bina Das
  16. 16.Bishni Devi Shah
  17. 17.Captain Lakshmi (Lakshmi Swaminadhan/Swaminathan)
  18. 18.Chakali Ilamma (Chityala Ilamma)
  19. 19.Durgabai Deshmukh
  20. 20.Durga Devi Vohra (Durgawati Devi, Durga Bhabhi)
  21. 21.Freda Bedi
  22. 22.Gaidinliu
  23. 23.Gulab Kaur
  24. 24.Hausabai Bhagwanrao Patil
  25. 25.Helen Lepcha (Sabitri Devi)
  26. 26.Jhalkari Bai
  27. 27.Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay
  28. 28.Kamaltai Apte
  29. 29.Kanaklata Barua (Birbala)
  30. 30.Ka Phan Nonglait
  31. 31.Labanya Prabha Ghosh
  32. 32.Malti Mem (Mangri Orang)
  33. 33.Matangini Hazra
  34. 34.Moolmati
  35. 35.Padmaja Naidu
  36. 36.Parbati Giri
  37. 37.Pritilata Waddedar
  38. 38.Putalimaya Devi Poddar (Putali Maya Tamang)
  39. 39.Rajkumari Amrit Kaur
  40. 40.Rajkumari Gupta
  41. 41.Ramadevi Choudhury
  42. 42.Rani Abbakka
  43. 43.Rani Avanti Bai
  44. 44.Rani Chennamma
  45. 45.Rani Rashmoni
  46. 46.Rani Velu Nachiyar (Veeramangai)
  47. 47.Sarojini Naidu (Sarojini Chattopadhyay)
  48. 48.Sivagami Ammayar
  49. 49.Snehlata Varma
  50. 50.Subhadra Kumari Chauhan
  51. 51.Sucheta Kripalani
  52. 52.Sushila Mohan (Sushila Didi)
  53. 53.Tara Rani Srivastava
  54. 54.Tarkeshwari Sinha
  55. 55.Tileswari Barua
  56. 56.Uda Devi
  57. 57.Umabai Kundapur (Bhavani)
  58. 58.Usha Mehta
  59. 59.Key Terms
  60. 60.📌 Exam Tidbits
  61. 61.Quick-Recall Box

Chapter preview

Freedom Fighters in the Indian National Movement

Other Prominent Freedom Fighters

  • Laxman Naik:
  • From Odisha; chosen by Gandhi to organise a satyagraha during the Civil Disobedience Movement.
  • Asked villagers not to pay tax; insisted on non-violent protests.
  • Called 'Gandhi of Malkangiri' by the tribal people.
  • Quit India Movement (1942): Led tribal people of Koraput and Congressmen to attack liquor shops.
  • Led tribals to Matili police station to hoist the Congress flag → police lathi-charged and opened fire.
  • Implicated by British officials in the murder of a forest guard → arrested, convicted, and sentenced to death. Hanged in March 1943.
  • Nana Patil: Headed a rebellion in Satara.
  • Cheppudira Muthana Poonacha:
  • From Kodagu (present-day Karnataka); worked for the upliftment of marginalised communities.
  • 1931: Led a group of Harijans to Madikeri against the British government.
  • Salt Satyagraha: Actively took part, leading to imprisonment twice (1932 and 1933).
  • Quit India Movement: Active participant, imprisoned from 1942 to 1944.
  • Writer, publisher, and distributor of a revolutionary newsletter called Sarpastra (awakened patriotic sentiments in Kodagu).
  • 1945: Elected to the Coorg Legislative Council.
  • 1952 to 1955: Served as the Chief Minister of Coorg after independence.

Key Terms

ConceptDefinition
SarpastraA revolutionary newsletter publication written, published, and distributed by Cheppudira Muthana Poonacha that awakened patriotic sentiments amongst the people of Kodagu.

📌 Exam Tidbits

  • Laxman Naik was known as the 'Gandhi of Malkangiri' and was hanged in March 1943 after being falsely implicated in a forest guard's murder during the Quit India Movement.
  • Nana Patil is specifically associated with the rebellion in Satara.
  • C.M. Poonacha transitioned from a revolutionary publisher (Sarpastra) and satyagrahi to the Chief Minister of Coorg (1952-1955).

3. Women Freedom Fighters

While men in the freedom struggle are well documented, women are often forgotten, except for a few like the Rani of Jhansi, Sarojini Naidu, and Aruna Asaf Ali.

Abadi Bano Begum (Bi Amma)

  • Born into a nationalist family in 1850 in present-day Uttar Pradesh (family took part in the Revolt of 1857).
  • Mother of…
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Chapter 53 : Indian National Congress Annual Sessions (1885–1950)